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Years of war, rise in terrorism led to the current Israel-Hamas conflict, experts say_我的网站

A |     　　新华社北京8月21日电 题：暑期经济“热”力足 消费释放新动能　　新华社记者王雨萧、戴锦镕、蔡馨逸　　电子产品“焕新”火热，清凉商品走俏市场；文旅体验持续“上新”，“China Cool”(中国又酷又凉爽)圈粉全球游客；新业态蓬勃生长，个性化场景激活消费新动能……进入暑期以来，国内消费市场繁荣活跃，勾勒出活力十足、充满生机的经济图景。    The origin of the bloody conflict happening in Gaza and Israel is complicated given the long, disputed history of the region, according to experts who have spent decades studying the region.As the attacks continue in both countries, the experts fear that any attempts at truly achieving peace between the Palestinians and Israelis may have been pushed back heavily.Susannah Heschel, the chair of the Jewish Studies Program at Dartmouth University, who has written several books about this region, told ABC News that the conflicts run deep and as far back as the Middle Ages, but specifically, the most modern clashes have stemmed from the fallout of the 1967 Arab-Israeli war.

On ABC News Live at 8:30 pm on Thursday, Oct. 12, ABC News' James Longman, Matt Gutman and Ian Pannell look at the horrendous toll from Hamas' massacre, the Israelis and Palestinians caught in the middle and what comes next.

The war, known in Israel as the Six-Day War, ended with Israel gaining control of several territories, including the Gaza Strip, and that has led to the violence and political fallout that has befallen the area currently, Heschel, the school's Eli M. Black Distinguished Professor of Jewish Studies, said."What we are seeing today is the consequence of that war, or how the various parties to that war …responded to the end," she told ABC News.Following its battles with Egypt, Lebanon, Syria and Jordan, Israel touted its swift victory and new territory, which included lands with long historical significance to Israeli Jews, Heschel, who is teaching a course on the war this semester, said.At the same time, Israel had to deal with an influx of Arabs who now lived under its control, and the retaliation from the neighboring countries who still disputed Israel's claims over the land, she said."The question is, was that victory in fact in some way not a victory? Because the consequence of it was an enormous headache for Israel," Heschel said.Israel has been the target of several military excursions by the nations in that war, particularly Egypt, to try and regain some of that land including during the 1973 Arab-Israeli War, known in Israel as the Yom Kippur War. Egypt would eventually regain the Sinai Peninsula in 1982, following an agreement it signed with Israel three years prior.Gaza, however, remained under Israeli control and tensions continued to flare between Palestinians and Israelis who had begun constructing settlements in the region.The tensions came to a turning point in 1987 during the First Intifada, or "uprising," when Palestinians started to violently rebel against Israeli forces and civilians. It was during this time that Hamas emerged and began to stage violent strikes against Israeli forces.Chuck Freilich, a former deputy national security adviser in Israel and long-time senior fellow at Harvard's Kennedy School, told ABC News that Hamas' stance is simply to "wipe Israel off the map," and it has suppressed anyone within the Palestinian community who doesn't adhere to that."It's not a question of recognition," he said.By the time the Intifada ended in the early 90s, over 1,000 people had been killed, and Gaza was left in ruin from the fighting.Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization would eventually agree to the Oslo Accords in 1993 which granted Palestinians the right to self-government.Heschel said the treaty was a good start but leaders on both sides could have done more to decrease the tensions and violence.Freilich said that the Palestinian Authority, which governed Gaza and continues to govern the West Bank, did try to crack down on terrorism alongside the Israeli government, but it was not always successful and groups like Hamas continued to incite and inflict violence on Israel.In 2000, a Second Intifada began, and hundreds more were hurt and killed in the violent protests. Five years later, the Israeli government voted to withdraw from Gaza and then-Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon expelled 9,480 Jewish settlers from 21 settlements from the region."That withdrawal of the Jewish settlements left some Israeli Jews with the resentment that inflames them to this day," Heschel said.A 2006 election where Hamas became Gaza's leading party has led to increased violence, and a decline in economic resources for its people, as Israel and other nations cut off support. Israel and Egypt imposed a blockade on the coastal strip, which continues to this day."It's unfortunate that Hamas came into power. It's not supported by the majority of the people," Heschel said.Hamas, which contends it is resisting Israel’s oppression of Palestinians, continued to attack Israel in the subsequent years with rockets, kidnappings and other violence leading to major military action by Israel in 2008, 2012, and 2014."It's part of a long-term campaign to repeatedly weaken Israel with conflict after conflict," Freilich said.Freilich added that the recent turmoil within the Israeli government, from its multiple elections in the last six years to the recent turmoil over the changes to its judicial changes, have left Israeli leaders fractured."Their attention was diverted…and we saw the results on Saturday," he said.Last week's attack by Hamas that has killed over 900 Israeli citizens and wounded over 2,300 was unprecedented and puts the region in "uncharted territory," Heschel said.This is the first time in 50 years that civilians were attacked on Israeli soil and it will only lead to more devastation and destruction for both sides, according to the professor."What Hamas did was not to the benefit of the people of Gaza," Heschel said. "Everyone knows, anybody knows and Hamas certainly knew, that in attacking Israel and inflicting so much destruction and murder on Israeli civilians that there would be retaliation."Heschel and Freilich said that it is impossible to determine the long-term ramifications of Hamas' attack and Israel's retaliation, but said that both sides will be living in fear as the violence escalates."To even think that Israel would think at this point that Israel would include a peace process with [Hamas] is totally unrealistic," Freilich said.Even though emotions are high and there is still violence likely to continue for the foreseeable future, Heschel, insisted that Israeli and Palestinian leaders needed to push back against Hamas and its influence and really take time to work out the decades-festering issue over the land."Let's…try to think in clear terms about what we can do for the future so that things can get better," she said. "What's the strategy? Not the strategy for the moment but the strategy for 10, 20, 30 years from now. How can we get there?"。　　暑期消费“热”力释放　　位于北京南三环的京东MALL门店内，市民刘先生陪着即将进入大学的女儿选购新手机。“不少型号都有国补优惠，叠加门店补贴挺划算的。”刘先生说。　　京东MALL相关负责人告诉记者，暑期以来“考后经济”持续升温，叠加近期开学季，手机、平板电脑等电子产品销售火热，7月份以来多个门店智能手机、蓝牙耳机销量同比增长超100%。

B | 　　暑期多地高温带动清凉消费热度走高。

C | 在广州石牌桥，今年暑期刚刚开业的“喜茶工艺”全国首店内，工艺茶特调等5个新品系列同步推出，为消费者带来别样的味蕾体验。　　“我们的‘酸嘢’‘青柚子’等产品推出后很受欢迎，门店还打造了‘工艺长吧’，让顾客现场近距离观察制茶、烹茶、调茶等工艺环节。

D | ”门店经理吴佩妍说。　　在各大电商平台，清凉商品销售火热。

E | 天猫数据显示，近两个月家用制冰机、制冰净饮机等销量大幅增长，制冰冰箱成交额同比增长超80%。快手平台“清凉暑季”活动期间，消暑降温类用品需求显著上升，冰垫、冰贴等订单量增长近30%。　　围绕“吃住行游购娱”，各地打造多彩暑期消费场景：广东推出“暑假当然来广东”主题活动，构建全域夏日经济新生态；天津推出“水波荡漾”“夏日清凉”等八大系列特色活动；浙江启动“购在中国·浙夜好生活”2026暑期消费季，一站式串联全省特色美食、运动潮玩、夜间光影等资源……　　“聚焦暑期亲子、休闲、家政等需求，我们引导生活服务平台企业打造‘8·8服务消费节’，以活动带人气、以人气聚商气，线上线下联动发展，实现数智赋能、提质惠民。”商务部副部长鄢东说。

F | 　　文旅市场亮点纷呈　　在湖北省随州博物馆，戴上VR眼镜仿佛穿越历史：廊道上，宫人抬着铜鉴缶经过，编钟的铭文亮起流光，敲击正鼓、侧鼓位置，便能体验“一钟双音”的奥妙……　　“此行最大的惊喜是解锁了数字文博体验，与之前逛博物馆很不一样。”体验“穿越青铜纪”VR项目后，来自武汉的大学生王松塬感到非常新奇。　　去哪儿旅行数据显示，7月以来避暑游成为全国游客主要旅行选择，博物馆研学热度同比增长超七成，漂流、溯溪等亲水项目搜索量环比增加数十倍。　　得益于240小时过境免签、离境退税等政策叠加效应，今年暑期，“China Cool”话题走红海外社交平台，全国多地入境旅游活力持续迸发，旅行平台上西安、香格里拉、锡林浩特等城市入境机票量实现翻倍增长。　　“金甲武士”列队相迎，“仕女”挑灯引路……夜幕降临，哥伦比亚游客娜塔莉亚随着人流走向西安城墙南门文化礼仪广场，她的耳边同步传来英文播报。“演出非常精彩，让我感受到了唐代的气象。”娜塔莉亚说。　　清华大学新闻与传播学院副院长蒋俏蕾表示，“China Cool”的走红，反映了外籍游客来华旅游正从传统的“打卡式”观光，转向对中国历史文化、现代科技和生活方式的沉浸式深度体验，更多外国人期待在近距离触摸中读懂更加真实可感的中国。　　新业态激活消费动能　　五彩零食搭起“梦幻长廊”、7万多根棒棒糖拼出巨幅人物画像……在湖南长沙的全新沉浸式零食体验空间“零食王国”里，极具视觉冲击力的场景引得游客举起手机打卡留念。　　“我们在1.3万平方米的空间汇集了全球超3.5万款零食，打造集选购、打卡、互动于一体的探索式体验，暑期平均每天接待游客超3万人次。”鸣鸣很忙集团相关负责人梁笑介绍。　　随着消费者个性化、多样化、品质化消费需求上升，各地不断打造新业态新场景，以业态聚合、场景交融激活消费新动能。　　吉林延边打造“赛事+文旅”“赛事+民俗”等模式，游客凭“东北超”票根可享免门票、半价游等；上海推出天文博物馆夜间观测等特色产品，打造暑期亲子消费新“夜”态；在湖南长沙，沉浸式互动戏剧、小剧场脱口秀等演艺项目人气火爆、座无虚席……　　近期发布的《扩大消费“十五五”规划》，明确要求“培育打造消费新业态新模式新场景”，提出推动零售、文化、旅游、健康、体育等消费业态深化技术应用、强化创意引领，提升和拓展消费体验。　　“商务部将会同有关部门加力推进消费新业态新模式新场景试点，打造一批带动面广、显示度高的消费新场景，以新供给创造新需求、以新场景激活新消费。”鄢东说。

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